Trailer Trucks
This type of truck is known as “prime mover” in Asia and Australia, “tractor” or “big rig” in the US, “lorry” or “truck” in the UK. Typically it is an articulated truck with a towing engine section and a trailer section.
The maximum dimensions vary among different countries. Australia allows the use of the largest widths and lengths. One can sometimes see very large trucks and “road trains” consisting of three or four trailers. Single trailer trucks in Australia usually have 22 wheels, since they have dual drive axles and three axles on the trailer, with each axle having four tires.
Truck & Trailer Movements
These trucks use air pressure, instead of hydraulic fluid, to actuate the brakes. Pneumatic brake lines make it easier to couple and uncouple the trailer and the tractor. Pneumatic brakes also are more dependable in this application because hydraulic brakes can fade with overheating as a result of prolonged application of the brakes—for example, during a zigzagging downhill drive with a heavy load.
Parking brakes and emergency brakes for these trucks usually are actuated in a reverse kind of manner. These are spring-type brakes that are applied when compressed air is released; the reverse is true (the brakes are disengaged) when compressed air is supplied. Thus, air pressure is always required to disengage the emergency and parking brakes. This ensures that in an emergency where the air compressor fails or a pneumatic line is damaged, the brakes are automatically applied and the vehicle will not become uncontrollable.
Calgary Stampede – The Trucks & Trailers
Transmission systems for these vehicles are designed for engine efficiency rather than speed or acceleration. As a result, they usually have nine or ten gear ratios. In the case of Australian road trains, there can be as many as eighteen gear ratios. The purpose of having so many gears is finely varied control of engine braking for optimized handling on down hills and curves.
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